The Bible — World English Bible

Daniel 9

In brief

Daniel 9 takes place shortly after the fall of Babylon. Reading Jeremiah, Daniel understands that the seventy years of Jerusalem's ruin are drawing to a close. He turns to God in prayer, fasting and a confession that identifies him with his people. He has hardly finished when Gabriel comes to give him understanding of the vision of the seventy weeks. The chapter is both a model of intercessory prayer and one of the most debated prophetic texts of the Old Testament.

The chapter in 5 parts

  1. v. 1-3Daniel reads Jeremiah and turns to God
  2. v. 4-14The confession: God is righteous, we have sinned
  3. v. 15-19The plea: forgive, act, do not delay
  4. v. 20-23Gabriel brings the answer
  5. v. 24-27The vision of the seventy weeks

1In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the offspring of the Medes, who was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans,

2in the first year of his reign I, Daniel, understood by the books the number of the years about which Yahweh’s word came to Jeremiah the prophet, for the accomplishing of the desolations of Jerusalem, even seventy years.

3I set my face to the Lord God, to seek by prayer and petitions, with fasting and sackcloth and ashes.

4I prayed to Yahweh my God, and made confession, and said, “Oh, Lord, the great and dreadful God, who keeps covenant and loving kindness with those who love him and keep his commandments,

5we have sinned, and have dealt perversely, and have done wickedly, and have rebelled, even turning aside from your precepts and from your ordinances.

6We haven’t listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes, and our fathers, and to all the people of the land.

7“Lord, righteousness belongs to you, but to us confusion of face, as it is today; to the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, who are near, and who are far off, through all the countries where you have driven them, because of their trespass that they have trespassed against you.

8Lord, to us belongs confusion of face, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you.

9To the Lord our God belong mercies and forgiveness; for we have rebelled against him.

10We haven’t obeyed Yahweh our God’s voice, to walk in his laws, which he set before us by his servants the prophets.

11Yes, all Israel have transgressed your law, turning aside, that they should not obey your voice. “Therefore the curse and the oath written in the law of Moses the servant of God has been poured out on us; for we have sinned against him.

12He has confirmed his words, which he spoke against us, and against our judges who judged us, by bringing on us a great evil; for under the whole sky, such has not been done as has been done to Jerusalem.

13As it is written in the law of Moses, all this evil has come on us. Yet we have not entreated the favor of Yahweh our God, that we should turn from our iniquities and have discernment in your truth.

14Therefore Yahweh has watched over the evil, and brought it on us; for Yahweh our God is righteous in all his works which he does, and we have not obeyed his voice.

15“Now, Lord our God, who has brought your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and have gotten yourself renown, as it is today; we have sinned. We have done wickedly.

16Lord, according to all your righteousness, let your anger and please let your wrath be turned away from your city Jerusalem, your holy mountain; because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a reproach to all who are around us.

17“Now therefore, our God, listen to the prayer of your servant, and to his petitions, and cause your face to shine on your sanctuary that is desolate, for the Lord’s sake.

18My God, turn your ear, and hear. Open your eyes, and see our desolations, and the city which is called by your name; for we do not present our petitions before you for our righteousness, but for your great mercies’ sake.

19Lord, hear. Lord, forgive. Lord, listen and do. Don’t defer, for your own sake, my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”

20While I was speaking, and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before Yahweh my God for the holy mountain of my God;

21yes, while I was speaking in prayer, the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision at the beginning, being caused to fly swiftly, touched me about the time of the evening offering.

22He instructed me and talked with me, and said, Daniel, “I have now come to give you wisdom and understanding.

23At the beginning of your petitions the commandment went out, and I have come to tell you; for you are greatly beloved. Therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision.

24“Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy.

25“Know therefore and discern that from the going out of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem to the Anointed One, the prince, will be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks. It will be built again, with street and moat, even in troubled times.

26After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One will be cut off, and will have nothing. The people of the prince who come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end will be with a flood, and war will be even to the end. Desolations are determined.

27He will make a firm covenant with many for one week. In the middle of the week he will cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease. On the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate; and even to the full end, and that determined, wrath will be poured out on the desolate.”

Key verses

Verse 3
I set my face to the Lord God, to seek by prayer and petitions, with fasting and sackcloth and ashes.

Daniel responds to the word of God with prayer, fasting, sackcloth and ashes. A promise that has been read does not replace prayer: it sets it in motion.

Verse 9
To the Lord our God belong mercies and forgiveness; for we have rebelled against him.

At the heart of the confession, Daniel says that mercy and forgiveness belong to God, precisely because the people have rebelled. He does not plead his own merits.

Verse 18
My God, turn your ear, and hear. Open your eyes, and see our desolations, and the city which is called by your name; for we do not present our petitions before you for our righteousness, but for your great mercies’ sake.

Daniel relies on God's compassion and not on his people's righteousness. It is a prayer founded on grace, long before the cross.

Verse 23
At the beginning of your petitions the commandment went out, and I have come to tell you; for you are greatly beloved. Therefore consider the matter, and understand the vision.

Gabriel announces that the word went out at the very beginning of the prayer and that he has come to deliver it. He calls Daniel greatly beloved.

Verse 24-27
“Seventy weeks are decreed on your people and on your holy city, to finish disobedience, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy. “Know therefore and discern that from the going out of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem to the Anointed One, the prince, will be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks. It will be built again, with street and moat, even in troubled times. After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One will be cut off, and will have nothing. The people of the prince who come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end will be with a flood, and war will be even to the end. Desolations are determined. He will make a firm covenant with many for one week. In the middle of the week he will cause the sacrifice and the offering to cease. On the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate; and even to the full end, and that determined, wrath will be poured out on the desolate.”

These verses announce seventy weeks set for Israel and for Jerusalem. Christians interpret them in different ways, on the dates as well as on the role of the prince who is to come.

Bible verses to meditate on

Characters in this chapter

What the sermons say

Frequently asked questions about Daniel 9

What does Daniel's prayer in Daniel 9 mean?

Daniel confesses his people's sin as if he were a part of it, acknowledges God's righteousness and relies on his compassion to ask for forgiveness and for the restoration of Jerusalem. It is not a prayer based on his own merits. It is often cited as a model of intercession and of collective repentance.

What are the seventy weeks of Daniel 9?

Gabriel announces to Daniel seventy weeks set for his people and for Jerusalem. Most interpreters see them as periods of seven years. Christians differ on the starting point, on the identity of the Anointed One who is cut off and of the prince who is to come, and on the place of the last week. The Christian traditions do not settle the question in the same way.

Why does Daniel pray at the start of the chapter?

Because he has read in the books that, according to Jeremiah, the ruins of Jerusalem would last seventy years. Seeing that this time is coming to an end, Daniel does not remain a spectator: he turns to God with fasting, sackcloth and ashes to intercede.

Articles quoting Daniel 9

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World English Bible translation — public domain.