The Bible — World English Bible

Micah 6

In brief

In Micah 6, God summons his people to a lawsuit before the mountains. He recalls his gifts, from the exodus from Egypt to the events of Balak and Balaam. The people then ask what to bring before God: sacrifices, oil, a firstborn child? The answer in verse 8 has become famous: to act justly, to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God. The chapter then denounces fraud, violence and lies, and announces judgment.

The chapter in 4 parts

  1. v. 1-5The Lord's lawsuit against his people
  2. v. 6-8What should we bring before God?
  3. v. 9-12False scales, violence and lies
  4. v. 13-16The coming judgment: sowing without reaping

1Listen now to what Yahweh says: “Arise, plead your case before the mountains, and let the hills hear what you have to say.

2Hear, you mountains, Yahweh’s controversy, and you enduring foundations of the earth; for Yahweh has a controversy with his people, and he will contend with Israel.

3My people, what have I done to you? How have I burdened you? Answer me!

4For I brought you up out of the land of Egypt, and redeemed you out of the house of bondage. I sent before you Moses, Aaron, and Miriam.

5My people, remember now what Balak king of Moab devised, and what Balaam the son of Beor answered him from Shittim to Gilgal, that you may know the righteous acts of Yahweh.”

6How shall I come before Yahweh, and bow myself before the exalted God? Shall I come before him with burnt offerings, with calves a year old?

7Will Yahweh be pleased with thousands of rams? With tens of thousands of rivers of oil? Shall I give my firstborn for my disobedience? The fruit of my body for the sin of my soul?

8He has shown you, O man, what is good. What does Yahweh require of you, but to act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?

9Yahweh’s voice calls to the city, and wisdom sees your name: “Listen to the rod, and he who appointed it.

10Are there yet treasures of wickedness in the house of the wicked, and a short ephah that is accursed?

11Shall I be pure with dishonest scales, and with a bag of deceitful weights?

12Her rich men are full of violence, her inhabitants speak lies, and their tongue is deceitful in their speech.

13Therefore I also have struck you with a grievous wound. I have made you desolate because of your sins.

14You shall eat, but not be satisfied. Your humiliation will be within you. You will store up, but not save; and that which you save I will give up to the sword.

15You will sow, but won’t reap. You will tread the olives, but won’t anoint yourself with oil; and crush grapes, but won’t drink the wine.

16For the statutes of Omri are kept, and all the works of Ahab’s house. You walk in their counsels, that I may make you a ruin, and her inhabitants a hissing; And you will bear the reproach of my people.”

Key verses

Verse 3
My people, what have I done to you? How have I burdened you? Answer me!

God questions his people tenderly before judging them: what have I done to you? The lawsuit begins with a reminder of his faithfulness.

Verse 5
My people, remember now what Balak king of Moab devised, and what Balaam the son of Beor answered him from Shittim to Gilgal, that you may know the righteous acts of Yahweh.”

The people are invited to remember the story of the wilderness. Remembering what God has done is the basis of gratitude and obedience.

Verse 8
He has shown you, O man, what is good. What does Yahweh require of you, but to act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?

What God requires comes down to three verbs: to act justly, to love mercy, to walk humbly with him. Faith shows itself in daily life, not only in rituals.

Verse 11
Shall I be pure with dishonest scales, and with a bag of deceitful weights?

False scales and false weights illustrate deceit in trade. God cares about honesty in economic life.

Characters in this chapter

What the sermons say

Frequently asked questions about Micah 6

What does Micah 6:8 mean?

The verse answers the people's question about what sacrifices to offer God. God does not ask first for offerings, but for a righteous life: to act justly, to love mercy and to walk humbly with him. It is not opposed to worship, it is a reminder that worship without the heart is not enough.

What is the main message of Micah 6?

God pleads against a people who have forgotten him, despite his gifts. He does not look for spectacular sacrifices but for justice, mercy and humility. The chapter also denounces fraud and violence, and warns that injustice brings judgment.

Why does God bring a lawsuit against his people in Micah 6?

The text uses the image of a courtroom where the mountains serve as witnesses. God recalls what he did for Israel, the deliverance from Egypt and the leaders he sent, then denounces the injustices committed. The lawsuit aims to bring the people back to the covenant, not to get rid of them.

Articles quoting Micah 6

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World English Bible translation — public domain.