The Bible — World English Bible
1 Kings 18
In brief
After three years of drought, God sends Elijah to King Ahab. The prophet gathers Israel on Mount Carmel and asks a question: will the people follow Yahweh or Baal? The prophets of Baal call on their god all day without an answer. Elijah repairs the altar of Yahweh and prays: the fire falls from heaven and the people acknowledge that Yahweh is God. Elijah then goes back up to the top of Carmel to pray, and a small cloud announces the end of the drought.
The chapter in 4 parts
1After many days, Yahweh’s word came to Elijah, in the third year, saying, “Go, show yourself to Ahab; and I will send rain on the earth.”
2Elijah went to show himself to Ahab. The famine was severe in Samaria.
3Ahab called Obadiah, who was over the household. (Now Obadiah feared Yahweh greatly;
4for when Jezebel cut off Yahweh’s prophets, Obadiah took one hundred prophets, and hid them by fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water.)
5Ahab said to Obadiah, “Go through the land, to all the springs of water, and to all the brooks. Perhaps we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we not lose all the animals.”
6So they divided the land between them to pass throughout it. Ahab went one way by himself, and Obadiah went another way by himself.
7As Obadiah was on the way, behold, Elijah met him. He recognized him, and fell on his face, and said, “Is it you, my lord Elijah?”
8He answered him, “It is I. Go, tell your lord, ‘Behold, Elijah is here!’ ”
9He said, “How have I sinned, that you would deliver your servant into the hand of Ahab, to kill me?
10As Yahweh your God lives, there is no nation or kingdom where my lord has not sent to seek you. When they said, ‘He is not here,’ he took an oath of the kingdom and nation, that they didn’t find you.
11Now you say, ‘Go, tell your lord, “Behold, Elijah is here.” ’
12It will happen, as soon as I leave you, that Yahweh’s Spirit will carry you I don’t know where; and so when I come and tell Ahab, and he can’t find you, he will kill me. But I, your servant, have feared Yahweh from my youth.
13Wasn’t it told my lord what I did when Jezebel killed Yahweh’s prophets, how I hid one hundred men of Yahweh’s prophets with fifty to a cave, and fed them with bread and water?
14Now you say, ‘Go, tell your lord, “Behold, Elijah is here”.’ He will kill me.”
15Elijah said, “As Yahweh of Armies lives, before whom I stand, I will surely show myself to him today.”
16So Obadiah went to meet Ahab, and told him; and Ahab went to meet Elijah.
17When Ahab saw Elijah, Ahab said to him, “Is that you, you troubler of Israel?”
18He answered, “I have not troubled Israel; but you, and your father’s house, in that you have forsaken Yahweh’s commandments, and you have followed the Baals.
19Now therefore send, and gather to me all Israel to Mount Carmel, and four hundred fifty of the prophets of Baal, and four hundred of the prophets of the Asherah, who eat at Jezebel’s table.”
20So Ahab sent to all the children of Israel, and gathered the prophets together to Mount Carmel.
21Elijah came near to all the people, and said, “How long will you waver between the two sides? If Yahweh is God, follow him; but if Baal, then follow him.” The people didn’t say a word.
22Then Elijah said to the people, “I, even I only, am left as a prophet of Yahweh; but Baal’s prophets are four hundred fifty men.
23Let them therefore give us two bulls; and let them choose one bull for themselves, and cut it in pieces, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under; and I will dress the other bull, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under it.
24You call on the name of your god, and I will call on Yahweh’s name. The God who answers by fire, let him be God.” All the people answered, “What you say is good.”
25Elijah said to the prophets of Baal, “Choose one bull for yourselves, and dress it first; for you are many; and call on the name of your god, but put no fire under it.”
26They took the bull which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, “Baal, hear us!” But there was no voice, and nobody answered. They leaped about the altar which was made.
27At noon, Elijah mocked them, and said, “Cry aloud; for he is a god. Either he is deep in thought, or he has gone somewhere, or he is on a journey, or perhaps he sleeps and must be awakened.”
28They cried aloud, and cut themselves in their way with knives and lances, until the blood gushed out on them.
29When midday was past, they prophesied until the time of the evening offering; but there was no voice, no answer, and nobody paid attention.
30Elijah said to all the people, “Come near to me!”; and all the people came near to him. He repaired Yahweh’s altar that had been thrown down.
31Elijah took twelve stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, to whom Yahweh’s word came, saying, “Israel shall be your name.”
32With the stones he built an altar in Yahweh’s name. He made a trench around the altar, large enough to contain two seahs of seed.
33He put the wood in order, and cut the bull in pieces, and laid it on the wood. He said, “Fill four jars with water, and pour it on the burnt offering, and on the wood.”
34He said, “Do it a second time;” and they did it the second time. He said, “Do it a third time;” and they did it the third time.
35The water ran around the altar; and he also filled the trench with water.
36At the time of the evening offering, Elijah the prophet came near, and said, “Yahweh, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Israel, let it be known today that you are God in Israel, and that I am your servant, and that I have done all these things at your word.
37Hear me, Yahweh, hear me, that this people may know that you, Yahweh, are God, and that you have turned their heart back again.”
38Then Yahweh’s fire fell, and consumed the burnt offering, the wood, the stones, and the dust, and licked up the water that was in the trench.
39When all the people saw it, they fell on their faces. They said, “Yahweh, he is God! Yahweh, he is God!”
40Elijah said to them, “Seize the prophets of Baal! Don’t let one of them escape!” They seized them; and Elijah brought them down to the brook Kishon, and killed them there.
41Elijah said to Ahab, “Get up, eat and drink; for there is the sound of abundance of rain.”
42So Ahab went up to eat and to drink. Elijah went up to the top of Carmel; and he bowed himself down on the earth, and put his face between his knees.
43He said to his servant, “Go up now, and look toward the sea.” He went up, and looked, and said, “There is nothing.” He said, “Go again” seven times.
44On the seventh time, he said, “Behold, a small cloud, like a man’s hand, is rising out of the sea.” He said, “Go up, tell Ahab, ‘Get ready and go down, so that the rain doesn’t stop you.’ ”
45In a little while, the sky grew black with clouds and wind, and there was a great rain. Ahab rode, and went to Jezreel.
46Yahweh’s hand was on Elijah; and he tucked his cloak into his belt and ran before Ahab to the entrance of Jezreel.
Key verses
Elijah came near to all the people, and said, “How long will you waver between the two sides? If Yahweh is God, follow him; but if Baal, then follow him.” The people didn’t say a word.
Elijah asks the people how long they will waver between two sides. Israel's problem is not atheism, it is mixture: wanting to serve Yahweh while keeping Baal. Elijah demands a clear choice.
Elijah said to all the people, “Come near to me!”; and all the people came near to him. He repaired Yahweh’s altar that had been thrown down. Elijah took twelve stones, according to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, to whom Yahweh’s word came, saying, “Israel shall be your name.” With the stones he built an altar in Yahweh’s name. He made a trench around the altar, large enough to contain two seahs of seed.
Before asking for fire, Elijah repairs the altar of Yahweh that had been thrown down, using twelve stones for the twelve tribes. The gesture says that returning to God means restoring what has been abandoned.
At the time of the evening offering, Elijah the prophet came near, and said, “Yahweh, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Israel, let it be known today that you are God in Israel, and that I am your servant, and that I have done all these things at your word. Hear me, Yahweh, hear me, that this people may know that you, Yahweh, are God, and that you have turned their heart back again.”
Elijah's prayer is short and plain. He relies on God's word and covenant, and asks that the people know that it is God who turns their hearts back again. He does not seek his own glory in it.
Elijah said to Ahab, “Get up, eat and drink; for there is the sound of abundance of rain.” So Ahab went up to eat and to drink. Elijah went up to the top of Carmel; and he bowed himself down on the earth, and put his face between his knees. He said to his servant, “Go up now, and look toward the sea.” He went up, and looked, and said, “There is nothing.” He said, “Go again” seven times. On the seventh time, he said, “Behold, a small cloud, like a man’s hand, is rising out of the sea.” He said, “Go up, tell Ahab, ‘Get ready and go down, so that the rain doesn’t stop you.’ ”
Elijah announces the rain while no cloud is in sight, then prays until his servant sees a small cloud on the seventh time. The passage is often read as a picture of perseverance in prayer and of trust before seeing.
Bible verses to meditate on
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What the sermons say
Frequently asked questions about 1 Kings 18
What does wavering between two sides mean in 1 Kings 18:21?
Elijah reproaches the people for hesitating between Yahweh and Baal, like someone limping and swaying first to one side and then the other. The Israelites were not openly rejecting their God, they wanted to mix him with other cults. Elijah asks for a clear choice: if Yahweh is God, follow him. Many preachers apply this question to today's compromises.
Why does Elijah have water poured on the altar?
Elijah has water poured three times on the wood and the sacrifice, until the trench dug around the altar is full. This way no one can suspect a trick: if the fire falls, it can only come from God. The gesture makes God's answer all the more visible.
What is the main message of 1 Kings 18?
God is the only true God, and he answers those who call on him according to his word. The chapter confronts the people with a clear choice between Yahweh and Baal, then shows God's faithfulness as he answers with fire and with rain. It also illustrates the perseverance of Elijah, who prays seven times before seeing the cloud.
What does the small cloud in 1 Kings 18:44 represent?
It is the first visible sign that the drought is ending: a cloud the size of a hand, rising from the sea. In the Christian tradition, it is often understood as a picture of hope: an answer from God that starts small before becoming an abundant rain. The text itself simply tells what the servant sees.
Articles quoting 1 Kings 18
- The Gift of Grief: Coming to God with Your Broken Heart
- Feeling Weak? Your Prayer Can Open Heaven
- 1 Kings 19: The Monday After the Miracle, When Elijah Is Running on Empty
- 1 Kings 18: Who Is Really God, and Who Is Your God?
- Matthew 6: You Don't Need to Impress God to Pray
- Matthew 5: But I Say to You, Love Your Enemies
World English Bible translation — public domain.