The Bible — World English Bible
1 Samuel 3
In brief
1 Samuel 3 tells how God calls the young Samuel, who serves with the priest Eli at Shiloh. In a time when the word of Yahweh is rare, Samuel mistakes God's voice for Eli's three times. Eli understands and teaches him how to answer. God then announces judgment on the house of Eli, which Samuel reports faithfully despite his fear. The chapter ends with Samuel being recognized as a prophet by all Israel.
The chapter in 4 parts
1The child Samuel ministered to Yahweh before Eli. Yahweh’s word was rare in those days. There were not many visions, then.
2At that time, when Eli was laid down in his place (now his eyes had begun to grow dim, so that he could not see),
3and God’s lamp hadn’t yet gone out, and Samuel had laid down in Yahweh’s temple where God’s ark was,
4Yahweh called Samuel. He said, “Here I am.”
5He ran to Eli and said, “Here I am; for you called me.” He said, “I didn’t call. Lie down again.” He went and lay down.
6Yahweh called yet again, “Samuel!” Samuel arose and went to Eli and said, “Here I am; for you called me.” He answered, “I didn’t call, my son. Lie down again.”
7Now Samuel didn’t yet know Yahweh, neither was Yahweh’s word yet revealed to him.
8Yahweh called Samuel again the third time. He arose and went to Eli and said, “Here I am; for you called me.” Eli perceived that Yahweh had called the child.
9Therefore Eli said to Samuel, “Go, lie down. It shall be, if he calls you, that you shall say, ‘Speak, Yahweh; for your servant hears.’ ” So Samuel went and lay down in his place.
10Yahweh came, and stood, and called as at other times, “Samuel! Samuel!” Then Samuel said, “Speak; for your servant hears.”
11Yahweh said to Samuel, “Behold, I will do a thing in Israel at which both the ears of everyone who hears it will tingle.
12In that day I will perform against Eli all that I have spoken concerning his house, from the beginning even to the end.
13For I have told him that I will judge his house forever for the iniquity which he knew, because his sons brought a curse on themselves, and he didn’t restrain them.
14Therefore I have sworn to the house of Eli that the iniquity of Eli’s house shall not be removed with sacrifice or offering forever.”
15Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of Yahweh’s house. Samuel was afraid to show Eli the vision.
16Then Eli called Samuel and said, “Samuel, my son!” He said, “Here I am.”
17He said, “What is the thing that he has spoken to you? Please don’t hide it from me. God do so to you, and more also, if you hide anything from me of all the things that he spoke to you.”
18Samuel told him every bit, and hid nothing from him. He said, “It is Yahweh. Let him do what seems good to him.”
19Samuel grew, and Yahweh was with him and let none of his words fall to the ground.
20All Israel from Dan even to Beersheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of Yahweh.
21Yahweh appeared again in Shiloh; for Yahweh revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh by Yahweh’s word.
Key verses
The child Samuel ministered to Yahweh before Eli. Yahweh’s word was rare in those days. There were not many visions, then.
The chapter opens with an observation: the word of Yahweh was rare and visions were not frequent. It is in this context of silence that God chooses to speak to a young boy.
Now Samuel didn’t yet know Yahweh, neither was Yahweh’s word yet revealed to him.
Samuel served in the temple, but he did not yet know Yahweh personally. You can be close to God through the people around you and your activities without yet having heard his voice for yourself.
Therefore Eli said to Samuel, “Go, lie down. It shall be, if he calls you, that you shall say, ‘Speak, Yahweh; for your servant hears.’ ” So Samuel went and lay down in his place. Yahweh came, and stood, and called as at other times, “Samuel! Samuel!” Then Samuel said, “Speak; for your servant hears.”
Eli teaches Samuel the right attitude: to make himself available and answer as a servant who listens. The encounter begins with listening, before any request.
Samuel grew, and Yahweh was with him and let none of his words fall to the ground.
Yahweh is with Samuel and lets none of his words fall to the ground. This means that his words come true and that his ministry is recognized as coming from God.
Test your knowledge
Characters in this chapter
Pray about this
What the sermons say
Frequently asked questions about 1 Samuel 3
What does Samuel's call mean in 1 Samuel 3?
God calls Samuel by name, three times, during the night. Samuel thinks it is Eli. The account shows that God takes the initiative to speak and that we may need help to recognize his voice. It is Eli who understands and tells Samuel how to answer. The chapter stresses the importance of being available and listening.
Why does Samuel not recognize the voice of God?
Verse 7 explains that Samuel did not yet know Yahweh and that his word had not yet been revealed to him. He was young and the word of God was rare at that time. Many believers see themselves in this: recognizing God's voice is learned through listening, prayer and the counsel of more experienced people.
What message does God give Samuel about Eli?
God announces that he will carry out against the house of Eli what he had declared, because of the sins of Eli's sons, which Eli had not restrained. It is a hard message for a young boy. Samuel hesitates, then reports all of it to Eli, who accepts it by entrusting himself to Yahweh.
Articles quoting 1 Samuel 3
- 1 Samuel: From Eli to David, Four Models for Serving
- Three Principles for Hearing the Voice of God
- 1 Samuel 15: Humble Service Comes Before Titles
- 1 Samuel 3: God Speaks, Do You Know How to Listen?
- Acts 17: Having a Well-Disposed Heart Like the Bereans
- Genesis 22: Answering "Here I Am" When God Calls You
World English Bible translation — public domain.