The Bible — World English Bible

Ecclesiastes 9

In brief

Ecclesiastes 9 looks death in the face: the righteous and the wicked share the same fate, and the dead no longer have a part in what is done under the sun. The Preacher concludes that we should enjoy life as a gift from God, with its bread, its wine and its work, with gratitude. He then observes that success does not always go to the strongest and that time and circumstances are beyond our control. The chapter ends with a story about the wisdom of a poor man, worth more than strength.

The chapter in 4 parts

  1. v. 1-6One fate for all, and the hope of the living
  2. v. 7-10Enjoying life and acting while there is time
  3. v. 11-12Time and circumstances are beyond our control
  4. v. 13-18The poor man's wisdom is better than strength

1For all this I laid to my heart, even to explore all this: that the righteous, and the wise, and their works, are in the hand of God; whether it is love or hatred, man doesn’t know it; all is before them.

2All things come alike to all. There is one event to the righteous and to the wicked; to the good, to the clean, to the unclean, to him who sacrifices, and to him who doesn’t sacrifice. As is the good, so is the sinner; he who takes an oath, as he who fears an oath.

3This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that there is one event to all: yes also, the heart of the sons of men is full of evil, and madness is in their heart while they live, and after that they go to the dead.

4For to him who is joined with all the living there is hope; for a living dog is better than a dead lion.

5For the living know that they will die, but the dead don’t know anything, neither do they have any more a reward; for their memory is forgotten.

6Also their love, their hatred, and their envy has perished long ago; neither do they any longer have a portion forever in anything that is done under the sun.

7Go your way—eat your bread with joy, and drink your wine with a merry heart; for God has already accepted your works.

8Let your garments be always white, and don’t let your head lack oil.

9Live joyfully with the wife whom you love all the days of your life of vanity, which he has given you under the sun, all your days of vanity, for that is your portion in life, and in your labor in which you labor under the sun.

10Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with your might; for there is no work, nor plan, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in Sheol, where you are going.

11I returned and saw under the sun that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet riches to men of understanding, nor yet favor to men of skill; but time and chance happen to them all.

12For man also doesn’t know his time. As the fish that are taken in an evil net, and as the birds that are caught in the snare, even so are the sons of men snared in an evil time, when it falls suddenly on them.

13I have also seen wisdom under the sun in this way, and it seemed great to me.

14There was a little city, and few men within it; and a great king came against it, besieged it, and built great bulwarks against it.

15Now a poor wise man was found in it, and he by his wisdom delivered the city; yet no man remembered that same poor man.

16Then I said, “Wisdom is better than strength.” Nevertheless the poor man’s wisdom is despised, and his words are not heard.

17The words of the wise heard in quiet are better than the cry of him who rules among fools.

18Wisdom is better than weapons of war; but one sinner destroys much good.

Key verses

Verse 4-5
For to him who is joined with all the living there is hope; for a living dog is better than a dead lion. For the living know that they will die, but the dead don’t know anything, neither do they have any more a reward; for their memory is forgotten.

As long as we live, there is hope. The Preacher speaks from what he sees under the sun: the living know they will die and can still act. This limit invites us not to put off what matters.

Verse 7-9
Go your way—eat your bread with joy, and drink your wine with a merry heart; for God has already accepted your works. Let your garments be always white, and don’t let your head lack oil. Live joyfully with the wife whom you love all the days of your life of vanity, which he has given you under the sun, all your days of vanity, for that is your portion in life, and in your labor in which you labor under the sun.

The Preacher invites us to eat with joy, to enjoy life with the person we love, and to receive these days as a share that God gives. Joy is not an escape but a grateful response.

Verse 10
Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with your might; for there is no work, nor plan, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in Sheol, where you are going.

Whatever your hand finds to do must be done with all your might, because after death there is no more work. This invites us to serve seriously, here and now.

Verse 11-12
I returned and saw under the sun that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet riches to men of understanding, nor yet favor to men of skill; but time and chance happen to them all. For man also doesn’t know his time. As the fish that are taken in an evil net, and as the birds that are caught in the snare, even so are the sons of men snared in an evil time, when it falls suddenly on them.

Success does not depend on talent alone: time and circumstances matter. The text does not advise passivity but reminds us that we control neither our hour nor events.

Verse 16-18
Then I said, “Wisdom is better than strength.” Nevertheless the poor man’s wisdom is despised, and his words are not heard. The words of the wise heard in quiet are better than the cry of him who rules among fools. Wisdom is better than weapons of war; but one sinner destroys much good.

Wisdom is better than strength, even if the poor man's wisdom is often despised. The passage warns against the shouting of those who rule and against a single sinner who destroys much good.

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What the sermons say

Frequently asked questions about Ecclesiastes 9

What does Ecclesiastes 9:10 mean?

The verse invites us to do with all our strength what we find to do, because after death there is no more work, plan, knowledge or wisdom. In context, it is a call to live the present time seriously. It does not describe in detail what follows death, other biblical texts do.

What is the main message of Ecclesiastes 9?

Death touches all people and life remains unpredictable, but the Preacher does not draw despair from this. He invites us to receive life as a gift from God, to work with strength, to value wisdom above strength and to keep hope as long as we live.

Why does Ecclesiastes say that “the dead don’t know anything”?

The Preacher describes death as it is seen under the sun: no more actions, no more wages, no more place in the affairs of this world (verses 5 and 6). He speaks of what we observe, not of everything God reveals elsewhere, notably about the resurrection in Christ.

Articles quoting Ecclesiastes 9

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World English Bible translation — public domain.