The Bible — World English Bible
Isaiah 5
In brief
Isaiah 5 opens with the song of the beloved and his vineyard: God did everything for it, yet it produced only bad grapes. The vineyard is Israel, which yields bloodshed instead of righteousness. Six woes follow, against greed, drunkenness, pride, indifference to God, lies about good and evil, and injustice. The chapter ends with the announcement of an army coming from far away, under God's authority.
The chapter in 4 parts
1Let me sing for my well beloved a song of my beloved about his vineyard. My beloved had a vineyard on a very fruitful hill.
2He dug it up, gathered out its stones, planted it with the choicest vine, built a tower in the middle of it, and also cut out a wine press in it. He looked for it to yield grapes, but it yielded wild grapes.
3“Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.
4What could have been done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it? Why, when I looked for it to yield grapes, did it yield wild grapes?
5Now I will tell you what I will do to my vineyard. I will take away its hedge, and it will be eaten up. I will break down its wall, and it will be trampled down.
6I will lay it a wasteland. It won’t be pruned or hoed, but it will grow briers and thorns. I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain on it.”
7For the vineyard of Yahweh of Armies is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry of distress.
8Woe to those who join house to house, who lay field to field, until there is no room, and you are made to dwell alone in the middle of the land!
9In my ears, Yahweh of Armies says: “Surely many houses will be desolate, even great and beautiful, unoccupied.
10For ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and a homer of seed shall yield an ephah.”
11Woe to those who rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink, who stay late into the night, until wine inflames them!
12The harp, lyre, tambourine, and flute, with wine, are at their feasts; but they don’t respect the work of Yahweh, neither have they considered the operation of his hands.
13Therefore my people go into captivity for lack of knowledge. Their honorable men are famished, and their multitudes are parched with thirst.
14Therefore Sheol has enlarged its desire, and opened its mouth without measure; and their glory, their multitude, their pomp, and he who rejoices among them, descend into it.
15So man is brought low, mankind is humbled, and the eyes of the arrogant ones are humbled;
16but Yahweh of Armies is exalted in justice, and God the Holy One is sanctified in righteousness.
17Then the lambs will graze as in their pasture, and strangers will eat the ruins of the rich.
18Woe to those who draw iniquity with cords of falsehood, and wickedness as with cart rope,
19who say, “Let him make haste, let him hasten his work, that we may see it; let the counsel of the Holy One of Israel draw near and come, that we may know it!”
20Woe to those who call evil good, and good evil; who put darkness for light, and light for darkness; who put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!
21Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight!
22Woe to those who are mighty to drink wine, and champions at mixing strong drink;
23who acquit the guilty for a bribe, but deny justice for the innocent!
24Therefore as the tongue of fire devours the stubble, and as the dry grass sinks down in the flame, so their root shall be as rottenness, and their blossom shall go up as dust, because they have rejected the law of Yahweh of Armies, and despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.
25Therefore Yahweh’s anger burns against his people, and he has stretched out his hand against them and has struck them. The mountains tremble, and their dead bodies are as refuse in the middle of the streets. For all this, his anger is not turned away, but his hand is still stretched out.
26He will lift up a banner to the nations from far away, and he will whistle for them from the end of the earth. Behold, they will come speedily and swiftly.
27No one shall be weary nor stumble among them; no one shall slumber nor sleep, neither shall the belt of their waist be untied, nor the strap of their sandals be broken,
28whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent. Their horses’ hoofs will be like flint, and their wheels like a whirlwind.
29Their roaring will be like a lioness. They will roar like young lions. Yes, they shall roar, and seize their prey and carry it off, and there will be no one to deliver.
30They will roar against them in that day like the roaring of the sea. If one looks to the land, behold, darkness and distress. The light is darkened in its clouds.
Key verses
What could have been done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it? Why, when I looked for it to yield grapes, did it yield wild grapes?
God asks a question that puts the people face to face with their responsibility: what more could he have done for his vineyard? The problem is not the vinedresser's care but the fruit.
For the vineyard of Yahweh of Armies is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry of distress.
The song is explained: the vineyard is the house of Israel. God looked for justice and righteousness, and found bloodshed and cries of distress.
Woe to those who call evil good, and good evil; who put darkness for light, and light for darkness; who put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!
The woe falls on those who invert moral landmarks by calling evil good and good evil. The verse speaks of a whole society, but each of us can examine ourselves in it.
Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight!
Thinking yourself wise in your own eyes is another form of rebellion. Intelligence that no longer needs God becomes blind about itself.
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Frequently asked questions about Isaiah 5
What does the song of the vineyard mean in Isaiah 5?
The song is a parable that verse 7 explains: the vineyard is the people of Israel and Judah, whom God had planted and tended. He expected fruits of righteousness and justice, but found violence and oppression. The text invites every reader to ask what fruit their own life produces.
What does it mean to call evil good?
Verse 20 targets those who overturn moral landmarks, justifying what God condemns and despising what he approves. It is not only a wrong act, it is a way of changing words to quiet the conscience. God sees in this a serious rebellion against the truth.
What are the six woes of Isaiah 5?
They target greed that piles up houses and fields, drunkenness and pleasures that make people forget God, the provocation that dares God to act, the reversal of good and evil, proud wisdom, and finally the injustice of those who acquit the guilty for a bribe. Each one describes a way of living without taking God into account.
Articles quoting Isaiah 5
World English Bible translation — public domain.