The Bible — World English Bible
Isaiah 66
In brief
The last chapter of the book of Isaiah holds comfort and judgment together. God reminds us that no temple can contain him: he looks to the one who is humble and trembles at his word. He contrasts heartless worship with the faithfulness of those rejected by their own brothers, announces the joy of Jerusalem, comfort like a mother's, then judgment by fire. He promises to gather all nations to see his glory, and a renewed world where all flesh will come to bow before him.
The chapter in 5 parts
1Yahweh says, “Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool. What kind of house will you build to me? Where will I rest?
2For my hand has made all these things, and so all these things came to be,” says Yahweh: “but I will look to this man, even to he who is poor and of a contrite spirit, and who trembles at my word.
3He who kills an ox is as he who kills a man; he who sacrifices a lamb, as he who breaks a dog’s neck; he who offers an offering, as he who offers pig’s blood; he who burns frankincense, as he who blesses an idol. Yes, they have chosen their own ways, and their soul delights in their abominations:
4I also will choose their delusions, and will bring their fears on them; because when I called, no one answered; when I spoke, they didn’t listen; but they did that which was evil in my eyes, and chose that in which I didn’t delight.”
5Hear Yahweh’s word, you who tremble at his word: “Your brothers who hate you, who cast you out for my name’s sake, have said, ‘Let Yahweh be glorified, that we may see your joy;’ but it is those who shall be disappointed.
6A voice of tumult from the city, a voice from the temple, a voice of Yahweh that repays his enemies what they deserve.
7“Before she travailed, she gave birth. Before her pain came, she delivered a son.
8Who has heard of such a thing? Who has seen such things? Shall a land be born in one day? Shall a nation be born at once? For as soon as Zion travailed, she gave birth to her children.
9Shall I bring to the birth, and not cause to be delivered?” says Yahweh. “Shall I who cause to give birth shut the womb?” says your God.
10“Rejoice with Jerusalem, and be glad for her, all you who love her. Rejoice for joy with her, all you who mourn over her;
11that you may nurse and be satisfied at the comforting breasts; that you may drink deeply, and be delighted with the abundance of her glory.”
12For Yahweh says, “Behold, I will extend peace to her like a river, and the glory of the nations like an overflowing stream; and you will nurse. You will be carried on her side, and will be dandled on her knees.
13As one whom his mother comforts, so I will comfort you. You will be comforted in Jerusalem.”
14You will see it, and your heart shall rejoice, and your bones will flourish like the tender grass. Yahweh’s hand will be known among his servants; and he will have indignation against his enemies.
15For, behold, Yahweh will come with fire, and his chariots will be like the whirlwind; to render his anger with fierceness, and his rebuke with flames of fire.
16For Yahweh will execute judgment by fire and by his sword on all flesh; and those slain by Yahweh will be many.
17“Those who sanctify themselves and purify themselves to go to the gardens, behind one in the middle, eating pig’s meat, abominable things, and the mouse, they shall come to an end together,” says Yahweh.
18“For I know their works and their thoughts. The time comes that I will gather all nations and languages, and they will come, and will see my glory.
19“I will set a sign among them, and I will send those who escape of them to the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, who draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, to far-away islands, who have not heard my fame, nor have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the nations.
20They shall bring all your brothers out of all the nations for an offering to Yahweh, on horses, in chariots, in litters, on mules, and on camels, to my holy mountain Jerusalem, says Yahweh, as the children of Israel bring their offering in a clean vessel into Yahweh’s house.
21Of them I will also select priests and Levites,” says Yahweh.
22“For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make, shall remain before me,” says Yahweh, “so your offspring and your name shall remain.
23It shall happen that from one new moon to another, and from one Sabbath to another, all flesh will come to worship before me,” says Yahweh.
24“They will go out, and look at the dead bodies of the men who have transgressed against me; for their worm will not die, nor will their fire be quenched, and they will be loathsome to all mankind.”
Key verses
Yahweh says, “Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool. What kind of house will you build to me? Where will I rest? For my hand has made all these things, and so all these things came to be,” says Yahweh: “but I will look to this man, even to he who is poor and of a contrite spirit, and who trembles at my word.
Heaven is God's throne and the earth his footstool: no human house can contain him. He looks to the one who suffers, who is broken in spirit and who trembles at his word. These verses are quoted by Stephen in Acts.
As one whom his mother comforts, so I will comfort you. You will be comforted in Jerusalem.”
God compares his comfort to that of a mother comforting her child. The maternal image expresses his tenderness without changing the way Scripture calls him Father.
“For I know their works and their thoughts. The time comes that I will gather all nations and languages, and they will come, and will see my glory.
God announces that he will gather all nations and tongues to see his glory. The opening of the faith to all peoples is already present in the Old Testament.
“For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make, shall remain before me,” says Yahweh, “so your offspring and your name shall remain.
The new heavens and the new earth will endure before God, and so will the offspring of his people. The promise rests on the permanence of the new creation.
“They will go out, and look at the dead bodies of the men who have transgressed against me; for their worm will not die, nor will their fire be quenched, and they will be loathsome to all mankind.”
The chapter ends on a grave image: the worm that does not die and the fire that is not quenched. Jesus takes up these words in the Gospels. Christians differ on how to understand them.
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Frequently asked questions about Isaiah 66
What does Isaiah 66:2 mean?
The verse says whom God looks to: the one who suffers, who is broken in spirit and who trembles at his word. After saying that no house can contain him, God shows what matters to him: a humble and attentive heart, more than buildings or rituals. This theme runs through the whole Bible.
What is the message of Isaiah 66?
God comforts his people, judges those who resist him, and gathers all nations so that they see his glory. The chapter calls for humility rather than outward religion, and promises new heavens and a new earth. Readers differ on how to apply the images of judgment and of the end.
Is God like a mother in Isaiah 66:13?
The verse compares God's comfort to that of a mother comforting her child. It is a comparison, added to other maternal images in the Bible, such as Isaiah 49:15. Evangelical churches generally hold that God reveals himself as Father, while recognizing that his tenderness is also described with maternal traits.
Articles quoting Isaiah 66
- 20 Bible Verses for a Hospital Stay in Japan: Comfort and Peace for the Weary
- 20 Bible Verses for a New Baby in Japan: Welcoming a Gift from God
- Pride or Humility?
- The Thirst for God: The Burning Desire That Changes Everything
- After the Rapture: What Happens Next to the World
- Jesus Christ, Your Sure Foundation When Your Temple Falls
World English Bible translation — public domain.