The Bible — World English Bible

Judges 6

In brief

Judges 6 opens with seven years of oppression: Israel has turned away from God and Midian is ravaging its harvests. When the people cry out, God sends a prophet, then the angel of Yahweh, who finds Gideon threshing his wheat in hiding, in a winepress. Gideon thinks himself too small, but God calls him a “mighty man of valor” and promises his presence. Gideon builds an altar, tears down his father's altar of Baal by night, is clothed with the Spirit of Yahweh, and then asks God for a sign with a fleece before going into battle.

The chapter in 4 parts

  1. v. 1-10Midian oppresses Israel, and the people cry out to God
  2. v. 11-24The angel of Yahweh calls Gideon at the winepress
  3. v. 25-32The altar of Baal torn down, Gideon becomes Jerubbaal
  4. v. 33-40The Spirit comes on Gideon, the sign of the fleece

1The children of Israel did that which was evil in Yahweh’s sight, so Yahweh delivered them into the hand of Midian seven years.

2The hand of Midian prevailed against Israel; and because of Midian the children of Israel made themselves the dens which are in the mountains, the caves, and the strongholds.

3So it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites, the Amalekites, and the children of the east came up against them.

4They encamped against them, and destroyed the increase of the earth, until you come to Gaza. They left no sustenance in Israel, and no sheep, ox, or donkey.

5For they came up with their livestock and their tents. They came in as locusts for multitude. Both they and their camels were without number; and they came into the land to destroy it.

6Israel was brought very low because of Midian; and the children of Israel cried to Yahweh.

7When the children of Israel cried to Yahweh because of Midian,

8Yahweh sent a prophet to the children of Israel; and he said to them, “Yahweh, the God of Israel, says, ‘I brought you up from Egypt, and brought you out of the house of bondage.

9I delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians and out of the hand of all who oppressed you, and drove them out from before you, and gave you their land.

10I said to you, “I am Yahweh your God. You shall not fear the gods of the Amorites, in whose land you dwell.” But you have not listened to my voice.’ ”

11Yahweh’s angel came and sat under the oak which was in Ophrah, that belonged to Joash the Abiezrite. His son Gideon was beating out wheat in the wine press, to hide it from the Midianites.

12Yahweh’s angel appeared to him, and said to him, “Yahweh is with you, you mighty man of valor!”

13Gideon said to him, “Oh, my lord, if Yahweh is with us, why then has all this happened to us? Where are all his wondrous works which our fathers told us of, saying, ‘Didn’t Yahweh bring us up from Egypt?’ But now Yahweh has cast us off, and delivered us into the hand of Midian.”

14Yahweh looked at him, and said, “Go in this your might, and save Israel from the hand of Midian. Haven’t I sent you?”

15He said to him, “O Lord, how shall I save Israel? Behold, my family is the poorest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father’s house.”

16Yahweh said to him, “Surely I will be with you, and you shall strike the Midianites as one man.”

17He said to him, “If now I have found favor in your sight, then show me a sign that it is you who talk with me.

18Please don’t go away until I come to you, and bring out my present, and lay it before you.” He said, “I will wait until you come back.”

19Gideon went in and prepared a young goat and unleavened cakes of an ephah of meal. He put the meat in a basket and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out to him under the oak, and presented it.

20The angel of God said to him, “Take the meat and the unleavened cakes, and lay them on this rock, and pour out the broth.” He did so.

21Then Yahweh’s angel stretched out the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the meat and the unleavened cakes; and fire went up out of the rock and consumed the meat and the unleavened cakes. Then Yahweh’s angel departed out of his sight.

22Gideon saw that he was Yahweh’s angel; and Gideon said, “Alas, Lord Yahweh! Because I have seen Yahweh’s angel face to face!”

23Yahweh said to him, “Peace be to you! Don’t be afraid. You shall not die.”

24Then Gideon built an altar there to Yahweh, and called it “Yahweh is Peace.” To this day it is still in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

25That same night, Yahweh said to him, “Take your father’s bull, even the second bull seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that your father has, and cut down the Asherah that is by it.

26Then build an altar to Yahweh your God on the top of this stronghold, in an orderly way, and take the second bull, and offer a burnt offering with the wood of the Asherah which you shall cut down.”

27Then Gideon took ten men of his servants, and did as Yahweh had spoken to him. Because he feared his father’s household and the men of the city, he could not do it by day, but he did it by night.

28When the men of the city arose early in the morning, behold, the altar of Baal was broken down, and the Asherah was cut down that was by it, and the second bull was offered on the altar that was built.

29They said to one another, “Who has done this thing?” When they inquired and asked, they said, “Gideon the son of Joash has done this thing.”

30Then the men of the city said to Joash, “Bring out your son, that he may die, because he has broken down the altar of Baal, and because he has cut down the Asherah that was by it.”

31Joash said to all who stood against him, “Will you contend for Baal? Or will you save him? He who will contend for him, let him be put to death by morning! If he is a god, let him contend for himself, because someone has broken down his altar!”

32Therefore on that day he named him Jerub-Baal, saying, “Let Baal contend against him, because he has broken down his altar.”

33Then all the Midianites and the Amalekites and the children of the east assembled themselves together; and they passed over, and encamped in the valley of Jezreel.

34But Yahweh’s Spirit came on Gideon, and he blew a trumpet; and Abiezer was gathered together to follow him.

35He sent messengers throughout all Manasseh, and they also were gathered together to follow him. He sent messengers to Asher, and to Zebulun, and to Naphtali; and they came up to meet them.

36Gideon said to God, “If you will save Israel by my hand, as you have spoken,

37behold, I will put a fleece of wool on the threshing floor. If there is dew on the fleece only, and it is dry on all the ground, then I’ll know that you will save Israel by my hand, as you have spoken.”

38It was so; for he rose up early on the next day, and pressed the fleece together, and wrung the dew out of the fleece, a bowl full of water.

39Gideon said to God, “Don’t let your anger be kindled against me, and I will speak but this once. Please let me make a trial just this once with the fleece. Let it now be dry only on the fleece, and on all the ground let there be dew.”

40God did so that night; for it was dry on the fleece only, and there was dew on all the ground.

Key verses

Verse 12
Yahweh’s angel appeared to him, and said to him, “Yahweh is with you, you mighty man of valor!”

God calls Gideon a “mighty man of valor” while he is hiding. God's word describes what he sees in Gideon and what he intends to make of him, before Gideon has accomplished anything.

Verse 14
Yahweh looked at him, and said, “Go in this your might, and save Israel from the hand of Midian. Haven’t I sent you?”

The mission begins with a command: “Go in this your might.” God does not wait for Gideon to feel ready in his own eyes. He sends him, and reminds him that it is he who sends him.

Verse 15-16
He said to him, “O Lord, how shall I save Israel? Behold, my family is the poorest in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father’s house.” Yahweh said to him, “Surely I will be with you, and you shall strike the Midianites as one man.”

Gideon answers with his limits: his family is poor and he is the least. God does not argue with that observation, he answers it with a promise of presence: “I will be with you.”

Verse 24
Then Gideon built an altar there to Yahweh, and called it “Yahweh is Peace.” To this day it is still in Ophrah of the Abiezrites.

Gideon builds an altar and names it “Yahweh is Peace.” After the fear of having seen the angel of Yahweh face to face, he keeps this reminder of the peace God gave.

Verse 25-27
That same night, Yahweh said to him, “Take your father’s bull, even the second bull seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that your father has, and cut down the Asherah that is by it. Then build an altar to Yahweh your God on the top of this stronghold, in an orderly way, and take the second bull, and offer a burnt offering with the wood of the Asherah which you shall cut down.” Then Gideon took ten men of his servants, and did as Yahweh had spoken to him. Because he feared his father’s household and the men of the city, he could not do it by day, but he did it by night.

Before fighting Midian, Gideon must first deal with idolatry in his own household. He obeys, but by night, because he is afraid. The text does not hide that fear.

Characters in this chapter

What the sermons say

Frequently asked questions about Judges 6

Why does Gideon thresh his wheat in a winepress?

Wheat was usually threshed in the open, on a threshing floor, where the wind helps separate the grain. Gideon does it in a winepress, a sheltered place, to hide it from the Midianites who plunder Israel's crops. This detail shows how much fear and scarcity dominate the land when God calls him.

What does “mighty man of valor” mean in Judges 6:12?

The angel of Yahweh greets Gideon this way while he is hiding. Many see in it the way God looks at a person: not according to their present state, but according to what he calls them to become by joining them. The promise that goes with this title is God's presence, “Yahweh is with you.”

What does Gideon's fleece mean?

In verses 36 to 40, Gideon asks God for two signs with a fleece of wool, first wet with dew while the ground stays dry, then the reverse. Believers draw different readings: some see an example to follow in seeking God's direction, others a sign of the weakness of Gideon's faith, which God bears with patience.

Why does God ask Gideon to tear down the altar of Baal?

Before delivering the people, God deals with idolatry, first in Gideon's own house. The book of Judges shows that Israel is oppressed because it turned away from God. Gideon's act, done by night out of fear, is an act of obedience and consecration that comes before the battle.

Articles quoting Judges 6

← All chapters

World English Bible translation — public domain.