The Bible — World English Bible

Nehemiah 4

In brief

Nehemiah 4 tells how the wall of Jerusalem is rebuilt just as opposition rises. Sanballat and Tobiah begin by mocking the workers, then, seeing the gaps close, they plot to attack the city. Nehemiah answers with prayer and watchfulness: he posts guards, arms the families and reminds the people that God is great and awesome. The chapter shows that the work of God almost always meets resistance, and that you hold on by watching, praying and staying united.

The chapter in 4 parts

  1. v. 1-6Sanballat's mockery and the wall half built
  2. v. 7-9The enemies' plot: prayer and a guard day and night
  3. v. 10-15Judah's discouragement and the call to remember the Lord
  4. v. 16-23Working with one hand, holding a weapon in the other, staying together

1But when Sanballat heard that we were building the wall, he was angry, and was very indignant, and mocked the Jews.

2He spoke before his brothers and the army of Samaria, and said, “What are these feeble Jews doing? Will they fortify themselves? Will they sacrifice? Will they finish in a day? Will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, since they are burned?”

3Now Tobiah the Ammonite was by him, and he said, “What they are building, if a fox climbed up it, he would break down their stone wall.”

4“Hear, our God; for we are despised. Turn back their reproach on their own head. Give them up for a plunder in a land of captivity.

5Don’t cover their iniquity. Don’t let their sin be blotted out from before you; for they have insulted the builders.”

6So we built the wall; and all the wall was joined together to half its height: for the people had a mind to work.

7But when Sanballat, Tobiah, the Arabians, the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites heard that the repairing of the walls of Jerusalem went forward, and that the breaches began to be filled, they were very angry;

8and they all conspired together to come and fight against Jerusalem, and to cause confusion among us.

9But we made our prayer to our God, and set a watch against them day and night because of them.

10Judah said, “The strength of the bearers of burdens is fading, and there is much rubble; so that we are not able to build the wall.”

11Our adversaries said, “They will not know or see, until we come in among them and kill them, and cause the work to cease.”

12When the Jews who lived by them came, they said to us ten times from all places, “Wherever you turn, they will attack us.”

13Therefore I set guards in the lowest parts of the space behind the wall, in the open places. I set the people by family groups with their swords, their spears, and their bows.

14I looked, and rose up, and said to the nobles, to the rulers, and to the rest of the people, “Don’t be afraid of them! Remember the Lord, who is great and awesome, and fight for your brothers, your sons, your daughters, your wives, and your houses.”

15When our enemies heard that it was known to us, and God had brought their counsel to nothing, all of us returned to the wall, everyone to his work.

16From that time forth, half of my servants did the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah.

17Those who built the wall, and those who bore burdens loaded themselves; everyone with one of his hands did the work, and with the other held his weapon.

18Among the builders, everyone wore his sword at his side, and so built. He who sounded the trumpet was by me.

19I said to the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people, “The work is great and large, and we are separated on the wall, far from one another.

20Wherever you hear the sound of the trumpet, rally there to us. Our God will fight for us.”

21So we did the work. Half of the people held the spears from the rising of the morning until the stars appeared.

22Likewise at the same time I said to the people, “Let everyone with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that in the night they may be a guard to us, and may labor in the day.”

23So neither I, nor my brothers, nor my servants, nor the men of the guard who followed me, none of us took off our clothes. Everyone took his weapon to the water.

Key verses

Verse 6
So we built the wall; and all the wall was joined together to half its height: for the people had a mind to work.

Despite the jeers, the wall rises to half its height. The text gives the reason: the people had a mind to work. The perseverance of everyone counts for more than the enthusiasm of one person.

Verse 9
But we made our prayer to our God, and set a watch against them day and night because of them.

Nehemiah does not choose between faith and prudence: the people pray, and they also set a guard. Prayer is no excuse for carelessness, and watchfulness does not replace prayer.

Verse 14
I looked, and rose up, and said to the nobles, to the rulers, and to the rest of the people, “Don’t be afraid of them! Remember the Lord, who is great and awesome, and fight for your brothers, your sons, your daughters, your wives, and your houses.”

Facing fear, Nehemiah does not play down the danger. He turns their eyes to the Lord, great and awesome, and to what is worth defending: their families and their homes.

Verse 17-18
Those who built the wall, and those who bore burdens loaded themselves; everyone with one of his hands did the work, and with the other held his weapon. Among the builders, everyone wore his sword at his side, and so built. He who sounded the trumpet was by me.

The image has become famous: a tool in one hand, a weapon in the other. Building and protecting go together as long as the work is not finished.

Verse 20
Wherever you hear the sound of the trumpet, rally there to us. Our God will fight for us.”

The people are scattered along the wall, but the trumpet gathers them. Nehemiah adds that God will fight for them: the solidarity of the workers and trust in God go together.

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Frequently asked questions about Nehemiah 4

What is the main message of Nehemiah 4?

The chapter shows that serving God draws opposition, first through mockery, then through threats. Nehemiah responds by praying, posting guards, reminding the people of the greatness of the Lord and keeping everyone united. You can carry on with the work without naivety and without fear.

What does it mean to work with one hand and hold a weapon in the other?

In verse 17, the workers build the wall with a weapon within reach, because the enemy may attack at any moment. It is often read as a picture of the Christian life: moving ahead in your mission while staying watchful, with prayer and fellowship.

Who are Sanballat and Tobiah in Nehemiah 4?

Sanballat is an official of Samaria and Tobiah an Ammonite. They oppose the rebuilding of Jerusalem because it strengthens the Jewish community. They first mock the workers, then ally with other neighboring peoples to prepare an attack on the city.

Articles quoting Nehemiah 4

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World English Bible translation — public domain.