The Bible — World English Bible
1 Samuel 10
In brief
1 Samuel 10 tells how Saul, who set out to look for donkeys, is secretly anointed king by Samuel. The prophet announces three signs that all come true: the Spirit of the Lord comes on him and he is turned into another man. Samuel then gathers the people at Mizpah, reproaches them for rejecting God by asking for a king, and the lot falls on Saul. Some welcome him, others despise him, and he does not react. The chapter shows both God's initiative and the limits of the people's choice.
The chapter in 6 parts
- v. 1-8Saul's anointing and the signs Samuel announces
- v. 9-13The signs come true: “Is Saul also among the prophets?”
- v. 14-16Saul keeps silent about the kingdom before his uncle
- v. 17-19Samuel reproaches the people for rejecting their God
- v. 20-25Saul is chosen at Mizpah and the regulations of the kingdom
- v. 26-27Valiant men follow him, worthless men despise him
1Then Samuel took the vial of oil, and poured it on his head, and kissed him, and said, “Hasn’t Yahweh anointed you to be prince over his inheritance?
2When you have departed from me today, then you will find two men by Rachel’s tomb, on the border of Benjamin at Zelzah. They will tell you, ‘The donkeys which you went to look for have been found; and behold, your father has stopped caring about the donkeys, and is anxious for you, saying, “What shall I do for my son?” ’
3“Then you will go on forward from there, and you will come to the oak of Tabor. Three men will meet you there going up to God to Bethel, one carrying three young goats, and another carrying three loaves of bread, and another carrying a container of wine.
4They will greet you, and give you two loaves of bread, which you shall receive from their hand.
5“After that you will come to the hill of God, where the garrison of the Philistines is; and it will happen, when you have come there to the city, that you will meet a band of prophets coming down from the high place with a lute, a tambourine, a pipe, and a harp before them; and they will be prophesying.
6Then Yahweh’s Spirit will come mightily on you, and you will prophesy with them, and will be turned into another man.
7Let it be, when these signs have come to you, that you do what is appropriate for the occasion; for God is with you.
8“Go down ahead of me to Gilgal; and behold, I will come down to you, to offer burnt offerings, and to sacrifice sacrifices of peace offerings. Wait seven days, until I come to you, and show you what you are to do.”
9It was so, that when he had turned his back to go from Samuel, God gave him another heart; and all those signs happened that day.
10When they came there to the hill, behold, a band of prophets met him; and the Spirit of God came mightily on him, and he prophesied among them.
11When all who knew him before saw that, behold, he prophesied with the prophets, then the people said to one another, “What is this that has come to the son of Kish? Is Saul also among the prophets?”
12One of the same place answered, “Who is their father?” Therefore it became a proverb, “Is Saul also among the prophets?”
13When he had finished prophesying, he came to the high place.
14Saul’s uncle said to him and to his servant, “Where did you go?” He said, “To seek the donkeys. When we saw that they were not found, we came to Samuel.”
15Saul’s uncle said, “Please tell me what Samuel said to you.”
16Saul said to his uncle, “He told us plainly that the donkeys were found.” But concerning the matter of the kingdom, of which Samuel spoke, he didn’t tell him.
17Samuel called the people together to Yahweh to Mizpah;
18and he said to the children of Israel, “Yahweh, the God of Israel, says ‘I brought Israel up out of Egypt, and I delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of all the kingdoms that oppressed you.’
19But you have today rejected your God, who himself saves you out of all your calamities and your distresses; and you have said to him, ‘No! Set a king over us.’ Now therefore present yourselves before Yahweh by your tribes, and by your thousands.”
20So Samuel brought all the tribes of Israel near, and the tribe of Benjamin was chosen.
21He brought the tribe of Benjamin near by their families; and the family of the Matrites was chosen. Then Saul the son of Kish was chosen; but when they looked for him, he could not be found.
22Therefore they asked of Yahweh further, “Is there yet a man to come here?” Yahweh answered, “Behold, he has hidden himself among the baggage.”
23They ran and got him there. When he stood among the people, he was higher than any of the people from his shoulders and upward.
24Samuel said to all the people, “Do you see him whom Yahweh has chosen, that there is no one like him among all the people?” All the people shouted, and said, “Long live the king!”
25Then Samuel told the people the regulations of the kingdom, and wrote it in a book, and laid it up before Yahweh. Samuel sent all the people away, every man to his house.
26Saul also went to his house to Gibeah; and the army went with him, whose hearts God had touched.
27But certain worthless fellows said, “How could this man save us?” They despised him, and brought him no present. But he held his peace.
Key verses
Then Samuel took the vial of oil, and poured it on his head, and kissed him, and said, “Hasn’t Yahweh anointed you to be prince over his inheritance?
Samuel pours oil on Saul's head and tells him that the Lord has anointed him prince over his inheritance. The anointing comes from God, through the prophet, before any act of Saul.
Then Yahweh’s Spirit will come mightily on you, and you will prophesy with them, and will be turned into another man.
Samuel announces that the Spirit of the Lord will come on Saul and turn him into another man. The change is presented as the work of the Spirit, not of personal effort.
Let it be, when these signs have come to you, that you do what is appropriate for the occasion; for God is with you.
After the signs, Saul is to do whatever his hand finds to do, because God is with him. God's presence becomes the reason to act with confidence.
But you have today rejected your God, who himself saves you out of all your calamities and your distresses; and you have said to him, ‘No! Set a king over us.’ Now therefore present yourselves before Yahweh by your tribes, and by your thousands.”
Samuel tells the people that by asking for a king they are rejecting their God, who saved them from all their calamities. The text does not hide the ambiguity of choosing a king.
But certain worthless fellows said, “How could this man save us?” They despised him, and brought him no present. But he held his peace.
A few men despise Saul and refuse to bring him a gift. He does not react: faced with opposition, he chooses not to defend himself.
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Frequently asked questions about 1 Samuel 10
What does “turned into another man” mean in 1 Samuel 10:6?
Samuel tells Saul that the Spirit of the Lord will come on him and that he will prophesy with a band of prophets. The text presents this as a change given by God, preparing Saul for his mission as king. It does not say that the change lasts forever: the rest of the book shows that Saul will turn away from God.
Why does Samuel say the people reject God by asking for a king?
In verse 19, Samuel reminds them that God delivered Israel from Egypt and from all their oppressors. By demanding a king like the other nations, the people seem to put their trust in a person rather than in the Lord. Yet God accepts the request and himself chooses who will be king.
What does “Is Saul also among the prophets?” mean?
When Saul starts to prophesy with the prophets, those who know him are amazed, because he did not fit that profile. The question becomes a proverb, recalled in verses 11 and 12. It expresses surprise at a change that God produces in someone nobody expected to see there.
Articles quoting 1 Samuel 10
World English Bible translation — public domain.