The Bible — World English Bible
Exodus 3
In brief
Exodus 3 tells of the meeting between Moses and God at Horeb. Moses sees a bush that burns without being consumed. God calls him by name, says he has seen the suffering of his people in Egypt and sends him to Pharaoh. Moses hesitates, God promises his presence, then reveals his name: “I AM WHO I AM.” The chapter finally announces deliverance, with the certainty that Pharaoh will resist but that God will act with power.
The chapter in 5 parts
1Now Moses was keeping the flock of Jethro, his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the back of the wilderness, and came to God’s mountain, to Horeb.
2Yahweh’s angel appeared to him in a flame of fire out of the middle of a bush. He looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
3Moses said, “I will go now, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burned.”
4When Yahweh saw that he came over to see, God called to him out of the middle of the bush, and said, “Moses! Moses!” He said, “Here I am.”
5He said, “Don’t come close. Take off your sandals, for the place you are standing on is holy ground.”
6Moreover he said, “I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.” Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.
7Yahweh said, “I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.
8I have come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land to a good and large land, to a land flowing with milk and honey; to the place of the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
9Now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel has come to me. Moreover I have seen the oppression with which the Egyptians oppress them.
10Come now therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh, that you may bring my people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt.”
11Moses said to God, “Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh, and that I should bring the children of Israel out of Egypt?”
12He said, “Certainly I will be with you. This will be the token to you, that I have sent you: when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain.”
13Moses said to God, “Behold, when I come to the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is his name?’ what should I tell them?”
14God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM,” and he said, “You shall tell the children of Israel this: ‘I AM has sent me to you.’ ”
15God said moreover to Moses, “You shall tell the children of Israel this, ‘Yahweh, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.’ This is my name forever, and this is my memorial to all generations.
16Go and gather the elders of Israel together, and tell them, ‘Yahweh, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, has appeared to me, saying, “I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt.
17I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt to the land of the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, to a land flowing with milk and honey.” ’
18They will listen to your voice. You shall come, you and the elders of Israel, to the king of Egypt, and you shall tell him, ‘Yahweh, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Now please let us go three days’ journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to Yahweh, our God.’
19I know that the king of Egypt won’t give you permission to go, no, not by a mighty hand.
20I will reach out my hand and strike Egypt with all my wonders which I will do among them, and after that he will let you go.
21I will give this people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, and it will happen that when you go, you shall not go empty-handed.
22But every woman shall ask of her neighbor, and of her who visits her house, jewels of silver, jewels of gold, and clothing. You shall put them on your sons, and on your daughters. You shall plunder the Egyptians.”
Key verses
He said, “Don’t come close. Take off your sandals, for the place you are standing on is holy ground.”
The place becomes holy ground because God is present there, not because of the place itself. Taking off one's sandals is a gesture of respect before his holiness.
Yahweh said, “I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.
God says he has seen, heard and known the pain of his people. The God of the Bible is not indifferent to the suffering of the oppressed.
Moses said to God, “Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh, and that I should bring the children of Israel out of Egypt?” He said, “Certainly I will be with you. This will be the token to you, that I have sent you: when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain.”
When Moses asks about his own identity, God does not speak about Moses' qualities. He answers with his own presence: “I will be with you.”
God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM,” and he said, “You shall tell the children of Israel this: ‘I AM has sent me to you.’ ”
God reveals his name, “I AM WHO I AM,” which speaks of his self-existence, his faithfulness and his presence. This name runs through all of Scripture, up to the words of Jesus in the gospel of John.
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Frequently asked questions about Exodus 3
What does “I AM WHO I AM” mean in Exodus 3:14?
It is the name God gives to Moses when he asks how to present him to the people. The expression says that God exists by himself, that he is always present and faithful to his promises. Translators and commentators render it in several ways, for example I will be what I will be, without changing the central meaning: God is the one who is with his people.
Why does Moses have to take off his sandals in Exodus 3?
God tells him that the place where he stands is holy ground. Taking off one's sandals was a gesture of respect and humility before the presence of God. The ground is not sacred in itself, but the presence of the holy God who shows himself there makes it so.
Why is the bush not consumed?
The text does not explain it directly. In the Bible, fire is a sign of God's presence. A bush that burns without being consumed draws Moses' attention and shows that God is present without destroying. Readers also see in it the image of a people who go through trial without being wiped out.
What is the main message of Exodus 3?
God sees the suffering of his people, calls a limited man and promises him his presence. The call does not rest on Moses' strength but on God's faithfulness, as he makes himself known by his name.
Articles quoting Exodus 3
- The Presence of Jesus in the Storm
- "Show Me Your Glory" (Part 1): The Delayed Promise Is About to Speak
- John 13: If the Lord Has Washed Your Feet
- Exodus 19: Being a Priest, a Calling That Costs Something
- John 15: Union With Christ, Everything You Need
- Believing in God Is Not Enough: Have You Put Your Faith in Him?
World English Bible translation — public domain.