The Bible — World English Bible
Numbers 24
In brief
Numbers 24 is the end of the story of Balaam, called by Balak, king of Moab, to curse Israel. Understanding that God wants to bless his people, Balaam gives up his enchantments, and the Spirit of God comes on him. He admires Israel's camp, announces its strength and declares that whoever blesses it will be blessed. Balak flies into a rage. Balaam then speaks new oracles about the future, including the star that will come out of Jacob. Each man then goes his own way. Christians read in this an announcement of the Messiah.
The chapter in 5 parts
1When Balaam saw that it pleased Yahweh to bless Israel, he didn’t go, as at the other times, to use divination, but he set his face toward the wilderness.
2Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel dwelling according to their tribes; and the Spirit of God came on him.
3He took up his parable, and said, “Balaam the son of Beor says, the man whose eyes are open says;
4he says, who hears the words of God, who sees the vision of the Almighty, falling down, and having his eyes open:
5How goodly are your tents, Jacob, and your dwellings, Israel!
6As valleys they are spread out, as gardens by the riverside, as aloes which Yahweh has planted, as cedar trees beside the waters.
7Water shall flow from his buckets. His seed shall be in many waters. His king shall be higher than Agag. His kingdom shall be exalted.
8God brings him out of Egypt. He has as it were the strength of the wild ox. He shall consume the nations his adversaries, shall break their bones in pieces, and pierce them with his arrows.
9He couched, he lay down as a lion, as a lioness; who shall rouse him up? Everyone who blesses you is blessed. Everyone who curses you is cursed.”
10Balak’s anger burned against Balaam, and he struck his hands together. Balak said to Balaam, “I called you to curse my enemies, and, behold, you have altogether blessed them these three times.
11Therefore, flee to your place, now! I thought to promote you to great honor; but, behold, Yahweh has kept you back from honor.”
12Balaam said to Balak, “Didn’t I also tell your messengers whom you sent to me, saying,
13‘If Balak would give me his house full of silver and gold, I can’t go beyond Yahweh’s word, to do either good or bad from my own mind. I will say what Yahweh says’?
14Now, behold, I go to my people. Come, I will inform you what this people shall do to your people in the latter days.”
15He took up his parable, and said, “Balaam the son of Beor says, the man whose eyes are open says;
16he says, who hears the words of God, knows the knowledge of the Most High, and who sees the vision of the Almighty, Falling down, and having his eyes open:
17I see him, but not now. I see him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob. A scepter will rise out of Israel, and shall strike through the corners of Moab, and crush all the sons of Sheth.
18Edom shall be a possession. Seir, his enemies, also shall be a possession, while Israel does valiantly.
19Out of Jacob shall one have dominion, and shall destroy the remnant from the city.”
20He looked at Amalek, and took up his parable, and said, “Amalek was the first of the nations, But his latter end shall come to destruction.”
21He looked at the Kenite, and took up his parable, and said, “Your dwelling place is strong. Your nest is set in the rock.
22Nevertheless Kain shall be wasted, until Asshur carries you away captive.”
23He took up his parable, and said, “Alas, who shall live when God does this?
24But ships shall come from the coast of Kittim. They shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber. He also shall come to destruction.”
25Balaam rose up, and went and returned to his place; and Balak also went his way.
Key verses
When Balaam saw that it pleased Yahweh to bless Israel, he didn’t go, as at the other times, to use divination, but he set his face toward the wilderness. Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel dwelling according to their tribes; and the Spirit of God came on him.
Balaam sees that it pleases God to bless Israel and abandons his practices of divination. The Spirit of God then comes on him: a foreign diviner becomes the mouthpiece of a word that does not belong to him.
How goodly are your tents, Jacob, and your dwellings, Israel!
Israel's tents are called beautiful, even though the people have just complained and sinned. God looks at his people through the covenant he made with them, not through their weaknesses.
He couched, he lay down as a lion, as a lioness; who shall rouse him up? Everyone who blesses you is blessed. Everyone who curses you is cursed.”
The verse takes up the promise made to Abraham: blessed is whoever blesses Israel, cursed is whoever curses it. Here it is spoken by the mouth of the man who had been paid to curse.
I see him, but not now. I see him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob. A scepter will rise out of Israel, and shall strike through the corners of Moab, and crush all the sons of Sheth.
A star comes out of Jacob, a scepter rises out of Israel. The text announces a coming king. The first Christians saw the Messiah in it, and tradition connects this star with the one the magi followed.
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Frequently asked questions about Numbers 24
Who is the star that comes out of Jacob in Numbers 24:17?
Balaam announces a star coming out of Jacob and a scepter rising out of Israel, that is, a king. For many Jews and Christians, it is first David, then, for Christians, the Messiah, Jesus Christ. Tradition also connects this verse with the star the magi followed in Matthew 2.
Why does Balaam bless Israel instead of cursing it?
Balak, king of Moab, had hired Balaam to curse Israel. But Balaam can only say what God puts in his mouth. Understanding that God wants to bless Israel, he gives up his enchantments, and the Spirit of God comes on him. The result is a blessing, to Balak's great anger.
What does the blessing on those who bless Israel mean in Numbers 24:9?
The verse takes up the promise made to Abraham in Genesis 12: God protects the people he has chosen. Christian readers see in this promise an invitation not to stand against the work of God, without turning it into an automatic rule of material blessing.
Articles quoting Numbers 24
World English Bible translation — public domain.