The Bible — World English Bible
Proverbs 30
In brief
Proverbs 30 gathers the words of Agur, son of Jakeh. He begins by admitting his lack of wisdom, asks questions about the Creator and affirms that every word of God is tested. He then offers a prayer: neither poverty nor riches, but the bread he needs. The chapter denounces generations that are proud or disrespectful toward their parents, lists things too wonderful to understand or unbearable, then offers four wise little animals, four stately walkers and a piece of advice against pride.
The chapter in 6 parts
- v. 1-6Agur admits his limits and relies on the word of God
- v. 7-9A prayer: neither poverty nor riches
- v. 10-17Generations that think themselves pure and despise their parents
- v. 18-23What is beyond understanding and what the earth cannot bear
- v. 24-31Four wise little animals and four stately walkers
- v. 32-33Putting your hand over your mouth in the face of pride
1The words of Agur the son of Jakeh; the revelation: the man says to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucal:
2“Surely I am the most ignorant man, and don’t have a man’s understanding.
3I have not learned wisdom, neither do I have the knowledge of the Holy One.
4Who has ascended up into heaven, and descended? Who has gathered the wind in his fists? Who has bound the waters in his garment? Who has established all the ends of the earth? What is his name, and what is his son’s name, if you know?
5“Every word of God is flawless. He is a shield to those who take refuge in him.
6Don’t you add to his words, lest he reprove you, and you be found a liar.
7“Two things I have asked of you. Don’t deny me before I die.
8Remove far from me falsehood and lies. Give me neither poverty nor riches. Feed me with the food that is needful for me,
9lest I be full, deny you, and say, ‘Who is Yahweh?’ or lest I be poor, and steal, and so dishonor the name of my God.
10“Don’t slander a servant to his master, lest he curse you, and you be held guilty.
11There is a generation that curses their father, and doesn’t bless their mother.
12There is a generation that is pure in their own eyes, yet are not washed from their filthiness.
13There is a generation, oh how lofty are their eyes! Their eyelids are lifted up.
14There is a generation whose teeth are like swords, and their jaws like knives, to devour the poor from the earth, and the needy from among men.
15“The leech has two daughters: ‘Give, give.’ “There are three things that are never satisfied; four that don’t say, ‘Enough:’
16Sheol, the barren womb; the earth that is not satisfied with water; and the fire that doesn’t say, ‘Enough.’
17“The eye that mocks at his father, and scorns obedience to his mother: the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, the young eagles shall eat it.
18“There are three things which are too amazing for me, four which I don’t understand:
19The way of an eagle in the air, the way of a serpent on a rock, the way of a ship in the middle of the sea, and the way of a man with a maiden.
20“So is the way of an adulterous woman: She eats and wipes her mouth, and says, ‘I have done nothing wrong.’
21“For three things the earth trembles, and under four, it can’t bear up:
22For a servant when he is king, a fool when he is filled with food,
23for an unloved woman when she is married, and a servant who is heir to her mistress.
24“There are four things which are little on the earth, but they are exceedingly wise:
25The ants are not a strong people, yet they provide their food in the summer.
26The hyraxes are but a feeble folk, yet make they their houses in the rocks.
27The locusts have no king, yet they advance in ranks.
28You can catch a lizard with your hands, yet it is in kings’ palaces.
29“There are three things which are stately in their march, four which are stately in going:
30The lion, which is mightiest among animals, and doesn’t turn away for any;
31the greyhound; the male goat; and the king against whom there is no rising up.
32“If you have done foolishly in lifting up yourself, or if you have thought evil, put your hand over your mouth.
33For as the churning of milk produces butter, and the wringing of the nose produces blood; so the forcing of wrath produces strife.”
Key verses
“Every word of God is flawless. He is a shield to those who take refuge in him. Don’t you add to his words, lest he reprove you, and you be found a liar.
Every word of God is tested and he is a shield to those who take refuge in him. The next verse forbids adding anything to his words, a reminder that Scripture needs no human supplements.
Remove far from me falsehood and lies. Give me neither poverty nor riches. Feed me with the food that is needful for me, lest I be full, deny you, and say, ‘Who is Yahweh?’ or lest I be poor, and steal, and so dishonor the name of my God.
Agur asks for the bread he needs, because abundance can lead to denying God and poverty to stealing. The prayer refuses both misery and luxury: it seeks the right measure rather than accumulation.
There is a generation that is pure in their own eyes, yet are not washed from their filthiness. There is a generation, oh how lofty are their eyes! Their eyelids are lifted up.
Agur describes a generation that thinks itself pure without being washed of its filth, with haughty eyes. The danger is failing to see our own need for cleansing.
“The leech has two daughters: ‘Give, give.’ “There are three things that are never satisfied; four that don’t say, ‘Enough:’
The leech has two daughters who cry, Give, give. Preachers conclude that whoever expects everything from a spouse or from possessions will never be satisfied.
“There are four things which are little on the earth, but they are exceedingly wise: The ants are not a strong people, yet they provide their food in the summer. The hyraxes are but a feeble folk, yet make they their houses in the rocks. The locusts have no king, yet they advance in ranks. You can catch a lizard with your hands, yet it is in kings’ palaces.
Four little animals are called exceedingly wise: the ants that prepare their food, the rock badgers, the locusts and the lizard. Wisdom is not measured by size or strength.
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Frequently asked questions about Proverbs 30
What does Proverbs 30:8-9 mean?
Agur asks God to keep falsehood far from him and to give him neither poverty nor riches, only the bread he needs. He explains why: in abundance, he might deny God, and in poverty, he might steal. The verse invites us to the right measure and to dependence on God, without making poverty a virtue.
Who is Agur in Proverbs 30?
Agur is a sage about whom almost nothing is known, except that he is the son of Jakeh and that he addresses his words to Ithiel and Ucal. He begins by acknowledging his limits, then relies on the word of God. His humility contrasts with the pride he denounces later.
What is the main message of Proverbs 30?
The chapter calls for humility before God and his word, moderation in possessions and clear-sightedness about pride. It uses lists and images drawn from nature to teach us to observe, like the wise little animals, and to put our hand over our mouth when pride pushes us toward folly.
Articles quoting Proverbs 30
World English Bible translation — public domain.