The Bible — World English Bible

James 2

In brief

In James 2, the author takes up two concrete subjects for the church. First, favoritism: you do not treat the rich better than the poor, because God chose the poor to be rich in faith and because love of neighbor is the royal law. Then, faith: faith that does not act is dead. James takes Abraham and Rahab as examples of a faith proved by actions. The text does not oppose Paul: it speaks about the visible proof of a living faith.

The chapter in 5 parts

  1. v. 1-7No favoritism in the assembly
  2. v. 8-13The royal law of love and mercy
  3. v. 14-17Faith without works is dead
  4. v. 18-20Show me your faith: even the demons believe
  5. v. 21-26Abraham and Rahab: faith that acts

1My brothers, don’t hold the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ of glory with partiality.

2For if a man with a gold ring, in fine clothing, comes into your synagogue, and a poor man in filthy clothing also comes in,

3and you pay special attention to him who wears the fine clothing and say, “Sit here in a good place;” and you tell the poor man, “Stand there,” or “Sit by my footstool”

4haven’t you shown partiality among yourselves, and become judges with evil thoughts?

5Listen, my beloved brothers. Didn’t God choose those who are poor in this world to be rich in faith, and heirs of the Kingdom which he promised to those who love him?

6But you have dishonored the poor man. Don’t the rich oppress you, and personally drag you before the courts?

7Don’t they blaspheme the honorable name by which you are called?

8However, if you fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you do well.

9But if you show partiality, you commit sin, being convicted by the law as transgressors.

10For whoever keeps the whole law, and yet stumbles in one point, he has become guilty of all.

11For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not commit murder.” Now if you do not commit adultery, but murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.

12So speak and so do, as men who are to be judged by a law of freedom.

13For judgment is without mercy to him who has shown no mercy. Mercy triumphs over judgment.

14What good is it, my brothers, if a man says he has faith, but has no works? Can faith save him?

15And if a brother or sister is naked and in lack of daily food,

16and one of you tells them, “Go in peace. Be warmed and filled;” yet you didn’t give them the things the body needs, what good is it?

17Even so faith, if it has no works, is dead in itself.

18Yes, a man will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith without works, and I will show you my faith by my works.

19You believe that God is one. You do well. The demons also believe, and shudder.

20But do you want to know, vain man, that faith apart from works is dead?

21Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works, in that he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?

22You see that faith worked with his works, and by works faith was perfected.

23So the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him as righteousness,” and he was called the friend of God.

24You see then that by works, a man is justified, and not only by faith.

25In the same way, wasn’t Rahab the prostitute also justified by works, in that she received the messengers and sent them out another way?

26For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, even so faith apart from works is dead.

Key verses

Verse 1
My brothers, don’t hold the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ of glory with partiality.

James lays down the principle: faith in Jesus Christ is incompatible with showing preference to someone because of appearance or wealth. The whole opening of the chapter applies this concretely.

Verse 13
For judgment is without mercy to him who has shown no mercy. Mercy triumphs over judgment.

Judgment is without mercy for the one who has shown no mercy, but mercy triumphs over judgment. The verse invites us to live out what we have received: compassion toward others is a fruit of grace.

Verse 17
Even so faith, if it has no works, is dead in itself.

Faith that has no works is said to be dead by itself. James does not say that works produce faith, he says that a real faith shows in actions.

Verse 19
You believe that God is one. You do well. The demons also believe, and shudder.

The demons also believe that there is one God, and they shudder. Believing a fact is not enough: intellectual agreement without trust or obedience does not change a life.

Verse 23
So the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him as righteousness,” and he was called the friend of God.

James quotes Genesis: Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness, and he was called the friend of God. His faith showed itself when he obeyed God.

Bible verses to meditate on

Characters in this chapter

What the sermons say

Frequently asked questions about James 2

Does James 2 contradict Paul on justification by faith?

Not necessarily. Paul speaks about how a person is declared righteous before God, by faith alone. James speaks about the faith that proves itself by actions. Both stress that a living faith changes conduct. Christian traditions explain this harmony in slightly different ways, but all hold that genuine faith bears fruit.

What does James 2:17 mean about faith without works?

James gives the example of a brother without clothes or food to whom someone merely says “Go in peace”. Words without actions are useless. In the same way, a faith that does not act is only an opinion. The point is not to earn salvation through effort, but to show through actions that faith is real.

What is the message of James 2 about the rich and the poor?

James criticizes the assembly for giving the seat of honor to the rich man and pushing the poor man aside. He reminds them that God chose those who are poor in the world's eyes to be rich in faith. Treating people according to their status is a sin, because it contradicts the royal law: love your neighbor as yourself.

Articles quoting James 2

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World English Bible translation — public domain.