The Bible — World English Bible

Matthew 18

In brief

Matthew 18 is Jesus' teaching on life together as disciples. When they ask who is greatest, he places a child in the middle of them, then speaks of the lost sheep the shepherd goes looking for, and gives a concrete way to approach a brother who has sinned. He promises his presence to those who gather in his name. The chapter ends on forgiveness: to Peter, Jesus answers with the parable of a servant whose huge debt is cancelled but who refuses to forgive a small one.

The chapter in 5 parts

  1. v. 1-5Becoming like a little child to enter the Kingdom
  2. v. 6-14Not causing the little ones to stumble, and the lost sheep
  3. v. 15-20Confronting a brother, and Jesus in the middle of two or three
  4. v. 21-22Peter's question: how often should I forgive?
  5. v. 23-35The parable of the unforgiving servant

1In that hour the disciples came to Jesus, saying, “Who then is greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven?”

2Jesus called a little child to himself, and set him in the middle of them,

3and said, “Most certainly I tell you, unless you turn, and become as little children, you will in no way enter into the Kingdom of Heaven.

4Whoever therefore humbles himself as this little child is the greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven.

5Whoever receives one such little child in my name receives me,

6but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to stumble, it would be better for him if a huge millstone were hung around his neck, and that he were sunk in the depths of the sea.

7“Woe to the world because of occasions of stumbling! For it must be that the occasions come, but woe to that person through whom the occasion comes!

8If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life maimed or crippled, rather than having two hands or two feet to be cast into the eternal fire.

9If your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from you. It is better for you to enter into life with one eye, rather than having two eyes to be cast into the Gehenna of fire.

10See that you don’t despise one of these little ones, for I tell you that in heaven their angels always see the face of my Father who is in heaven.

11For the Son of Man came to save that which was lost.

12“What do you think? If a man has one hundred sheep, and one of them goes astray, doesn’t he leave the ninety-nine, go to the mountains, and seek that which has gone astray?

13If he finds it, most certainly I tell you, he rejoices over it more than over the ninety-nine which have not gone astray.

14Even so it is not the will of your Father who is in heaven that one of these little ones should perish.

15“If your brother sins against you, go, show him his fault between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained back your brother.

16But if he doesn’t listen, take one or two more with you, that at the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.

17If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the assembly. If he refuses to hear the assembly also, let him be to you as a Gentile or a tax collector.

18Most certainly I tell you, whatever things you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever things you release on earth will have been released in heaven.

19Again, assuredly I tell you, that if two of you will agree on earth concerning anything that they will ask, it will be done for them by my Father who is in heaven.

20For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there I am in the middle of them.”

21Then Peter came and said to him, “Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Until seven times?”

22Jesus said to him, “I don’t tell you until seven times, but, until seventy times seven.

23Therefore the Kingdom of Heaven is like a certain king, who wanted to reconcile accounts with his servants.

24When he had begun to reconcile, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents.

25But because he couldn’t pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, with his wife, his children, and all that he had, and payment to be made.

26The servant therefore fell down and knelt before him, saying, ‘Lord, have patience with me, and I will repay you all!’

27The lord of that servant, being moved with compassion, released him, and forgave him the debt.

28“But that servant went out, and found one of his fellow servants, who owed him one hundred denarii, and he grabbed him, and took him by the throat, saying, ‘Pay me what you owe!’

29“So his fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, saying, ‘Have patience with me, and I will repay you!’

30He would not, but went and cast him into prison, until he should pay back that which was due.

31So when his fellow servants saw what was done, they were exceedingly sorry, and came and told their lord all that was done.

32Then his lord called him in, and said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt, because you begged me.

33Shouldn’t you also have had mercy on your fellow servant, even as I had mercy on you?’

34His lord was angry, and delivered him to the tormentors, until he should pay all that was due to him.

35So my heavenly Father will also do to you, if you don’t each forgive your brother from your hearts for his misdeeds.”

Key verses

Verse 3
and said, “Most certainly I tell you, unless you turn, and become as little children, you will in no way enter into the Kingdom of Heaven.

Jesus answers a question about greatness with a reversal: it is not about becoming important, but about becoming simple and dependent again, like a child who receives everything.

Verse 15
“If your brother sins against you, go, show him his fault between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained back your brother.

The start of a step-by-step approach to conflict between believers: first in private, with the aim of winning back the brother, not of winning the argument.

Verse 20
For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there I am in the middle of them.”

A promise of presence made to a small community. The context of the chapter is church life and reconciliation, not only group prayer.

Verse 21-22
Then Peter came and said to him, “Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Until seven times?” Jesus said to him, “I don’t tell you until seven times, but, until seventy times seven.

Peter thinks he is being generous with seven times. Jesus' answer does not set a new ceiling: it invites him to stop counting.

Verse 35
So my heavenly Father will also do to you, if you don’t each forgive your brother from your hearts for his misdeeds.”

The sobering end of the parable: someone who has received immense forgiveness cannot keep a closed heart toward a brother.

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Frequently asked questions about Matthew 18

What is the message of Matthew 18?

Matthew 18 is about life among disciples: humility instead of ambition, care for the smallest, going after the one who strays, honest reconciliation between brothers, and forgiveness without counting. The common thread is that everyone has received immense grace and must let it flow through the church.

What does it mean to forgive “until seventy times seven”?

Jesus is answering Peter, who had suggested seven times. He is not setting a total of 490 forgivenesses to keep track of: he is saying that forgiveness cannot be measured. The number expresses the absence of any limit, as the parable that follows shows with a debt nobody could ever repay.

What does “where two or three are gathered together in my name” mean?

This verse follows the instructions on discipline among brothers and on praying in agreement. It promises that Jesus is present in a small community gathered in his name, however modest. It does not say that God's presence depends on numbers, but that a community does not need to be large for him to live among them.

Is forgiving the same as excusing or being reconciled?

No. To forgive is to give up making the other person pay the debt, without pretending the wrong was not serious. Reconciliation also requires the other person to acknowledge the wrong and change, which does not depend on you. In situations of abuse, forgiveness does not rule out protection, justice or support.

Articles quoting Matthew 18

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World English Bible translation — public domain.