The Bible — World English Bible

John 18

In brief

John 18 opens the account of the Passion. Jesus goes freely into the garden, gives himself up to those who come to arrest him and protects his disciples. While he is questioned at the house of Annas and Caiaphas, Peter denies him three times. At dawn, Jesus stands before Pilate, who finds no crime in him. At the heart of the chapter, Jesus declares that his kingdom is not of this world and that he came to testify to the truth. Yet the crowd prefers Barabbas.

The chapter in 6 parts

  1. v. 1-11In the garden: Jesus gives himself up and protects his own
  2. v. 12-14Jesus is bound and taken to Annas
  3. v. 15-18Peter denies his master for the first time
  4. v. 19-27The questioning before the high priest and Peter's denial
  5. v. 28-38Before Pilate: a kingdom not of this world
  6. v. 39-40The crowd chooses Barabbas

1When Jesus had spoken these words, he went out with his disciples over the brook Kidron, where there was a garden, into which he and his disciples entered.

2Now Judas, who betrayed him, also knew the place, for Jesus often met there with his disciples.

3Judas then, having taken a detachment of soldiers and officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, came there with lanterns, torches, and weapons.

4Jesus therefore, knowing all the things that were happening to him, went out, and said to them, “Who are you looking for?”

5They answered him, “Jesus of Nazareth.” Jesus said to them, “I am he.” Judas also, who betrayed him, was standing with them.

6When therefore he said to them, “I am he,” they went backward, and fell to the ground.

7Again therefore he asked them, “Who are you looking for?” They said, “Jesus of Nazareth.”

8Jesus answered, “I told you that I am he. If therefore you seek me, let these go their way,”

9that the word might be fulfilled which he spoke, “Of those whom you have given me, I have lost none.”

10Simon Peter therefore, having a sword, drew it, struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.

11Jesus therefore said to Peter, “Put the sword into its sheath. The cup which the Father has given me, shall I not surely drink it?”

12So the detachment, the commanding officer, and the officers of the Jews seized Jesus and bound him,

13and led him to Annas first, for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas, who was high priest that year.

14Now it was Caiaphas who advised the Jews that it was expedient that one man should perish for the people.

15Simon Peter followed Jesus, as did another disciple. Now that disciple was known to the high priest, and entered in with Jesus into the court of the high priest;

16but Peter was standing at the door outside. So the other disciple, who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to her who kept the door, and brought in Peter.

17Then the maid who kept the door said to Peter, “Are you also one of this man’s disciples?” He said, “I am not.”

18Now the servants and the officers were standing there, having made a fire of coals, for it was cold. They were warming themselves. Peter was with them, standing and warming himself.

19The high priest therefore asked Jesus about his disciples and about his teaching.

20Jesus answered him, “I spoke openly to the world. I always taught in synagogues, and in the temple, where the Jews always meet. I said nothing in secret.

21Why do you ask me? Ask those who have heard me what I said to them. Behold, they know the things which I said.”

22When he had said this, one of the officers standing by slapped Jesus with his hand, saying, “Do you answer the high priest like that?”

23Jesus answered him, “If I have spoken evil, testify of the evil; but if well, why do you beat me?”

24Annas sent him bound to Caiaphas, the high priest.

25Now Simon Peter was standing and warming himself. They said therefore to him, “You aren’t also one of his disciples, are you?” He denied it and said, “I am not.”

26One of the servants of the high priest, being a relative of him whose ear Peter had cut off, said, “Didn’t I see you in the garden with him?”

27Peter therefore denied it again, and immediately the rooster crowed.

28They led Jesus therefore from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn’t enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Passover.

29Pilate therefore went out to them, and said, “What accusation do you bring against this man?”

30They answered him, “If this man weren’t an evildoer, we wouldn’t have delivered him up to you.”

31Pilate therefore said to them, “Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law.” Therefore the Jews said to him, “It is illegal for us to put anyone to death,”

32that the word of Jesus might be fulfilled, which he spoke, signifying by what kind of death he should die.

33Pilate therefore entered again into the Praetorium, called Jesus, and said to him, “Are you the King of the Jews?”

34Jesus answered him, “Do you say this by yourself, or did others tell you about me?”

35Pilate answered, “I’m not a Jew, am I? Your own nation and the chief priests delivered you to me. What have you done?”

36Jesus answered, “My Kingdom is not of this world. If my Kingdom were of this world, then my servants would fight, that I wouldn’t be delivered to the Jews. But now my Kingdom is not from here.”

37Pilate therefore said to him, “Are you a king then?” Jesus answered, “You say that I am a king. For this reason I have been born, and for this reason I have come into the world, that I should testify to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth listens to my voice.”

38Pilate said to him, “What is truth?” When he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no basis for a charge against him.

39But you have a custom, that I should release someone to you at the Passover. Therefore, do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”

40Then they all shouted again, saying, “Not this man, but Barabbas!” Now Barabbas was a robber.

Key verses

Verse 5-6
They answered him, “Jesus of Nazareth.” Jesus said to them, “I am he.” Judas also, who betrayed him, was standing with them. When therefore he said to them, “I am he,” they went backward, and fell to the ground.

When Jesus answers, “I am he,” those who came to arrest him step back and fall to the ground. This detail shows that his word keeps its authority even as he lets himself be taken: no one takes his life from him, he gives it.

Verse 11
Jesus therefore said to Peter, “Put the sword into its sheath. The cup which the Father has given me, shall I not surely drink it?”

Jesus rebukes Peter, who had drawn his sword. He does not simply endure the cross, he accepts it as the cup the Father has given him to drink.

Verse 36
Jesus answered, “My Kingdom is not of this world. If my Kingdom were of this world, then my servants would fight, that I wouldn’t be delivered to the Jews. But now my Kingdom is not from here.”

Jesus does not deny being a king, he explains the nature of his kingdom: it is not established by weapons and does not come from the powers of this world. Christians draw different applications from this about the place of force and civic engagement.

Verse 37-38
Pilate therefore said to him, “Are you a king then?” Jesus answered, “You say that I am a king. For this reason I have been born, and for this reason I have come into the world, that I should testify to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth listens to my voice.” Pilate said to him, “What is truth?” When he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, “I find no basis for a charge against him.

Jesus says he came to testify to the truth, and Pilate answers with a question that became famous. In this Gospel, truth is not an abstract idea: it stands right in front of him.

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Frequently asked questions about John 18

What does “My Kingdom is not of this world” mean (John 18:36)?

Jesus answers Pilate, who is questioning him about his kingship. He explains that his kingdom does not come from human powers and is not defended by weapons: his servants did not fight for him. This does not mean that his reign does not reach the earth, but that it begins in hearts through faith. Christians draw varied conclusions from it about politics and force.

What is the main message of John 18?

John 18 shows that Jesus goes to the cross freely, in full control. He gives himself up to protect his disciples, refuses violence, hides nothing of his teaching and stands before Pilate as the king who came to testify to the truth. Around him, Peter's fear, the hostility of the leaders and the crowd's choice of Barabbas reveal the state of the human heart.

Why does Peter deny Jesus in John 18?

Peter, who had drawn his sword in the garden, finds himself alone in the courtyard of the high priest. Questioned beside a charcoal fire, he is afraid and says three times that he is not one of the disciples, until the rooster crows. The account does not excuse Peter, but it shows the weakness of a sincere believer. The rest of the Gospel shows him forgiven and restored.

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World English Bible translation — public domain.